Трансформация цифровой дипломатии в условиях новых вызовов: взгляд из Вашингтона и Пекина
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2024.203Аннотация
Глобализация создала новый медийный ландшафт, в рамках которого реализовывается публичная дипломатия, и поставила перед практиками традиционной публичной дипломатии три проблемы. Во-первых, дипломаты и министерства иностранных дел утратили свою монополию на дипломатическое общение, поскольку неправительственные организации, организации гражданского общества, активисты, блогеры и даже террористические группы получили возможность распространять сообщения публичной дипломатии в интернете. Во-вторых, «новые» участники публичной дипломатии, превратили цифровой мир в конкурентную арену, на которой множество участников соперничают за внимание цифровой аудитории, пытаясь повлиять на ее понимание мировых событий. В-третьих, произошла фрагментация аудитории публичной дипломатии до «сетей выборочного воздействия». Изучение того, как государства адаптируются под эти новые условия существования, представляет значительный научный интерес. В статье авторы сравнивают стратегии цифровой дипломатии двух крупнейших акторов современной мировой политики — США и КНР, анализируя как официальные документы и практические шаги, так и дискуссии в научном сообществе двух стран. Авторы приходят к выводу, что, несмотря на то что на начальных этапах цифровая дипломатия США и КНР отличалась как в концептуальном, так и в инструментальном плане, в условиях цифровизации и датификации международных отношений государствам приходится тестировать различные, порой не свойственные им ранее форматы и инструменты, реагировать на активность оппонентов и постоянно корректировать политику. Можно заключить, что в эпоху неопределенности, высокой конкуренции и информационных манипуляций различия в цифровой дипломатии США и КНР становятся все более размытыми.
Ключевые слова:
цифровая дипломатия, социальные сети, Соединенные Штаты Америки, Китайская Народная Республика, цифровизация публичной дипломатии, датафикация
Скачивания
Библиографические ссылки
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* Продукт компании Meta, деятельность которой признана экстремистской в Российской
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* The product of the Meta company, whose activities are recognized as extremist in the Russian Federation.
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Лицензия
Статьи журнала «Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Международные отношения» находятся в открытом доступе и распространяются в соответствии с условиями Лицензионного Договора с Санкт-Петербургским государственным университетом, который бесплатно предоставляет авторам неограниченное распространение и самостоятельное архивирование.
