Эволюция восточноазиатского международного порядка и ее влияние на китайско-российское региональное сотрудничество: эклектический анализ

Xu Bo; Svetlana Garmaeva

doi:10.21638/spbu06.2023.404

Authors

Xu Bo Northeast Asian Studies College of Jilin University, 2699, ul. Qianjin, Changchun, 130012, PRC
Svetlana Garmaeva Northeast Asian Studies College of Jilin University, 2699, ul. Qianjin, Changchun, 130012, PRC

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2023.404

Abstract

The two great powers — China and Russia — are important actors in the modern international system, and the foreign policies and bilateral cooperation of the two countries are key factors influencing the development of the international system. In the meantime, the development of bilateral relations is inevitably influenced by changes in the international order. Earlier studies focused on the impact of Sino-Russian cooperation on the international system but ignored the important role of the influence of the regional international order on cooperation between the two powers. This article intends to examine the trends in the evolution of the international order in East Asia in recent years and its role in the formation of Chinese-Russian regional cooperation. It is important to note that the author defines the components of international order as the hierarchy of power, the main ideology, and the institutional structure. In recent years, changes in the hierarchy of power in the East Asian international order are reflected in the emergence of a complex bipolarity between China and the United States. The evolution of the dominant ideology is reflected in the emergence of norms of political and economic integration in areas of great power competition and in the development of cooperation in the field of environmental policy in areas of great power partnership. The transformation of institutional mechanisms is expressed in the emergence of competitive institutions of multilateral cooperation. The evolution of these elements of the East Asian international order has a key impact on Sino-Russian relations. Taking into account the influence of these trends, the author sees the building of partnerships between China and Russia in the areas of regional security, finance and high technology, ecology, as well as interaction between the two countries through the creation of a multilateral cooperation platform, which will increase the level of bilateral strategic partnership.

Keywords:

international order, East Asia, Russia, China, foreign policy

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Литература

Караганов, C. (2022). От не-Запада к мировому большинству, Россия в глобальной политике, № 5, с. 1–5.

Singer, В. (1961), The Level of Analysis Problem in International Relations, World Politics, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 77–92.

Milner, Н. (1997), Interests, Institutions and Information: Domestic Politics and International Relations, Cambridge: Princeton University Press.

Лукьянов, Ф. (2022), Неожиданный индикатор перемен, Россия в глобальной политике, № 4, с. 1–3.

Tsygankov, A. and Tsygankov, P. (2021), Constructing National Values: The Nationally Distinctive Turn in Russian IR Theory and Foreign Policy, Foreign Policy Analysis, vol. 17, iss. 4.

Сергей Караганов: Против нас большой Запад, который рано или поздно начнет сыпаться. URL: https://russiancouncil.ru/analytics-and-comments/comments/protiv-nas-bolshoy-zapad-kotoryyrano-ili-pozdno-nachnet-sypatsyа/ (дата обращения: 10.08.2023).

Pang Dapeng (2020), The Development Path of Russia: Domestic Politics and International Society, Beijing: Shehui kexue wenxian chuban she. (На кит. яз.)

Shi Ze (2017), Development of Eastern Russia: From the Perspective of Sino-Russian Cooperation, Guoji wenti yanjiu, no. 1, 24, pp. 23–32. (На кит. яз.)

Liu Qingcai and Qi Xin (2018). Cooperation of Development Strategies between Northeast China and Russia’s Far East under the Framework of the Belt and Road Initiative, Dongbeiya luntan, no. 2, 38, pp. 38–49. (На кит. яз.)

Feng Shaolei (2017), A New Position in the Big History — Russia’s Progress and Problems in the Field of Narrative-Discourse Construction, Eluosi yanjiu, no. 4, pp. 3–32. (На кит. яз.)

Kaarbo, J. (2015), A Foreign Policy Analysis Perspective on the Domestic Politics Turn in IR Theory, International Studies Review, vol. 17, iss. 2, pp. 189–216.

Treisman, D. (2022), Putin Unbound, Foreign Affairs, vol. 101, no. 3, pp. 62–69.

Fortescue, S. (2016), Russia’s “Turn to the East”: A study in policy making, Post-Soviet Affairs, vol. 32, no. 5, pp. 423–454.

Bo Xu and Reisinger W. (2019), Russia’s energy diplomacy with China: Personalism and institutionalism in its policymaking process, The Pacific Review, vol. 32, no.1, pp. 1–19.

Allan, B. B., Vucetic, S. and Hopf, T. (2018), The Distribution of Identity and the Future of International Order: China’s Hegemonic Prospects, International Organization, vol. 72, iss. 4, pp. 839–869.

Bull, H. (1977), The Anarchical Society: A Study of Order in World Politics, 4th ed., London: Palgrave Macmillan.

Buzan, B. (2014), An Introduction to the English School of International Relations. London: Polity.

Mearsheimer, J. (2018), The Great Delusion, Cambridge: Yale University Press.

Waltz, K. N. (1979), Theory of International Politics, New York: McGraw-Hill.

Martin, L. L. and Simmons, B. A. (2001), International Institution: An International Organization Reader, Cambridge: The MIT Press.

Burchill, S. and Linlater, A. (2005), Constructivism, London: Macmillan.

Finnemore, M. (2001), Exporting the English School, Review of International Studies, no. 27, pp. 509–513.

Kissinger, H. A. (2015), World Order, New York: Penguin Books.

Acharya, A. (2018), Constructing Global Order: Agency and Change in World Politics, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Xuetong, Y. (2020), Leadership and the Rise of Great Powers, Cambridge: Princeton University Press.

Archaya, A. and, Buzan, B. (2019), The Making of Global International Relations: Origins and Evolution of IR at Its Centenary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Loke, B. (2021), The United States, China and the Politics of Hegemonic Ordering in East Asia, International Studies Review, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 1208–1229.

The White House. National Security strategy. October 2022. URL: https://www.whitehouse.gov/wpcontent/uploads/2022/10/Biden-Harris-Administrations-National-Security-Strategy-10.2022.pdf (дата обращения: 10.08.2023).

Ikenberry, J. (2016), Between the Eagle and the Dragon: America, China and Middle State Strategies in East Asia, Political Science Quarterly, vol. 131, no. 1, pp. 9–43.

Loke, B. (2021), The United States, China and the Politics of Hegemonic Ordering in East Asia, International Studies Review, vol. 23, no.4, pp. 1208–1229.

Караганов, С. и Макаров, И. (2021), Поворот к природе: новая экологическая политика России в условиях зеленой трансформации и мировой экономики и политики, М.: Международные отношения.

Xinhua Wang, European Parliament votes for carbon market reform. URL: http://m.news.cn/2022-06/23/c_1128768662.htm (дата обращения: 10.08.2023). (На кит. яз.)

Сюй Бо, Внешнеполитическая мысль Си Цзиньпина и китайско-российское сотрудничество. URL: https://nkibrics.ru/posts/show/62fe39ec6272697e74eb0000 (дата обращения: 10.08.2023).

Xu Bo and Zhong Rui (2022), Analysis of Russia’s Pragmatic Climate Policy, Dongbeiya luntan, no. 1, pp. 46–47.

План мероприятий развитие водородной энергетики в Российской Федерации до 2024 года, Правительство Российской Федерации, 12 октября, 2020. URL: https://minenergo.gov.ru/viewpdf/19194/126275 (дата обращения: 10.08.2023).

References

Karaganov, S. (2022), From non-West to global majority, Rossia v global’noi politike, no. 5, pp. 1–5. (In Russian)

Singer, В. (1961), The Level of Analysis Problem in International Relations, World Politics, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 77–92.

Milner, Н. (1997), Interests, Institutions and Information: Domestic Politics and International Relations, Cambridge: Princeton University Press.

Lukyanov, F. (2022), An unexpected indicator of change, Rossia v global’noi politike, no. 4, pp. 1–3. (In Russian)

Tsygankov, A. and Tsygankov, P. (2021), Constructing National Values: The Nationally Distinctive Turn in Russian IR Theory and Foreign Policy, Foreign Policy Analysis, vol. 17, iss. 4.

Sergei Karaganov: Against us is the Great West, which sooner or later will begin to crumble. Available at: https://russiancouncil.ru/analytics-and-comments/comments/protiv-nas-bolshoy-zapad-kotoryy-ranoili-pozdno-nachnet-sypatsyа/ (accessed: 10.08.2023). (In Russian)

Pang Dapeng (2020), The Development Path of Russia: Domestic Politics and International Society, Beijing: Shehui kexue wenxian chuban she. (In Chinese)

Shi Ze (2017), Development of Eastern Russia: From the Perspective of Sino-Russian Cooperation, Guoji wenti yanjiu, no. 1, 24, pp. 23–32. (In Chinese)

Liu Qingcai and Qi Xin (2018). Cooperation of Development Strategies between Northeast China and Russia’s Far East under the Framework of the Belt and Road Initiative, Dongbeiya luntan, no. 2, 38, pp. 38–49. (In Chinese)

Feng Shaolei (2017), A New Position in the Big History — Russia’s Progress and Problems in the Field of Narrative-Discourse Construction, Eluosi yanjiu, no. 4, pp. 3–32. (In Chinese)

Kaarbo, J. (2015), A Foreign Policy Analysis Perspective on the Domestic Politics Turn in IR Theory, International Studies Review, vol. 17, is. 2, pp. 189–216.