Poland’s geopolitical strategy (2004–2015)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21638/11701/spbu06.2018.204Аннотация
The aim of the article is to analyse the strategic choices made in international relations by a smaller state that does not has the status of great powers and participates within the structures of the European Union. In the theoretical part of this article, a survey of selected theories presents the role of smaller states and their basic geopolitical strategic choices. It seems that the most commonly used strategy for smaller states is bandwagoning, i.e. attaching oneself to a great power in exchange for support and protection. Another basic strategy is called balancing. It is usually defined as an attempt to balance the influence and geopolitical clout of an overly strong actor. The variant of balancing is an attempt to build an alternative geopolitical core, composed of smaller countries in the region. Another variant is an attempt to “bind” powers in a framework of institutionalized international cooperation, preferably in the EU. An important strategy is buck-passing, which involves pushing responsibility to others. Yet another is appeasement, which involves giving in to the demands of the dominant state, and final approach may be the accumulation of wealth. In the empirical part, Poland’s geopolitical strategy is analysed, taking into account the European integration in that strategy.
Ключевые слова:
geopolitical strategy, smaller (small) states, great powers, Poland, EU
Скачивания
Библиографические ссылки
Flint C. Introduction to Geopolitics. New York, London, Routledge, 2012. 312 p.
Tuathail G.Ó. General Introduction. Thinking Critically about Geopolitics. G.Ó Tuathail, S.Dalby, P.Routledge (eds.) The Geopolitics Reader. New York, London, Routledge, 2006, pp. 1–14.
Agnew J. Geopolitics. Re-visioning world politics. London, New York, Routledge, 2003. 168 p.
Waltz K.N. Theory of International Politics. New York, McGraw Hill, 1979. 251 p.
Mearsheimer J.J. The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. New York, London, W.W.Norton & Comp., 2001. 555 p.
Wallerstein I. World-System Analysis. An Introduction. Durham, London, Duke University Press, 2004. 128 p.
Grosse T.G. Europeanization of development policy in Poland: comparison with the Chinese model of endogenous growth. Zeszyty Naukowe WSEI EKONOMIA, 4 (1) (2012), pp. 33–53.
Rokkan S., Urwin D.W. Economy, Territory, Identity. Politics of West European Peripheries. London, SAGE Publications, 1983. 218 p.
Labs E.J. Do Weak States Bandwagon? Security Studies, 1992, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 383–416.
Walt S.M. The Origins of Alliances. Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1987. 321 p.
Jervis R., Snyder J. (eds.) Dominoes and Bandwagons: Strategic Beliefs and Great Power Competition in the Eurasian Rimland. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 1991. 320 p.
Haas E.B. The Balance of Power: Prescription, Concept, or Propaganda? World Politics, 1953, vol. 5, is. 4, pp. 442–477.
Morgenthau H. Politics among Nations: The Struggle for Power and Peace. New York, Knopf, 1973. 618 p.
Olson M. The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1965. 176 p.
Olson M., Zeckhauser R. The Economic Theory of Alliances. Review of Economics and Statistics 48, 3 (1966), pp. 266–279.
Gilpin R. War and Change in International Politics. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1981. 272 p.
Rock S.R. Appeasement in International Politics. Lexington, University Press of Kentucky, 2000. 256 p.
Grosse T.G. Innowacyjna gospodarka na peryferiach? [Innovative economy on the peripheries?]. Warsaw, Instytut Spraw Publicznych, 2007. 254 p. (In Polish)
Grosse T.G. Geoeconomic Relations Between the EU and China: The Lessons From the EU Weapon Embargo and From Galileo. Geopolitics, 2014, vol. 19, is. 1, pp. 40–65.
Kuź M. Dlaczego potrzebujemy broni jądrowej [Why do we need nuclear weapons?] Nowa Konfederacja, 2013, no. 9, 5–11 December. URL: http://www.nowakonfederacja.pl (accessed: 27.09.2017). (In Polish)
Schimmelfennig F. The Community Trap: Liberal Norms, Rhetorical Action, and the Eastern Enlargement of the European Union. International Organization, 2001, no. 55, pp. 47–80.
Kuźniar R. Droga do wolności. Polityka zagraniczna III Rzeczpospolitej [Road to freedom. Foreign policy of the Third Republic of Poland]. Warsaw, Scholar, 2008. 336 p. (In Polish)
Zając J. Bandwagoning w polskiej polityce zagranicznej [Bandwagoning in Polish foreign policy]. Przegląd Zachodni, 2009, no. 3, pp. 168–178. (In Polish)
Bieleń S. Rozważania o polskim interesie narodowym [Considerations on Polish national interest]. Stosunki Międzynarodowe — International Relations, 2014, no. 2, vol. 50, pp. 57–73. (In Polish)
Brzeziński Z. Sojusznik to nie satelita [An ally is not a satellite], an interview. Polska Zbrojna, no. 14, March 2000. (In Polish)
Schweiger Ch. Poland, Variable Geometry and the Enlarged European Union. Europe-Asia Studies, 2014, vol. 66, is. 3, pp. 394–420.
Zięba R. Główne kierunki polityki zagranicznej Polski po zimnej wojnie [Main directions of Polish foreign policy after the Cold War]. Warsaw, Wydawnictwa Akademickie i Profesjonalne, 2010. 252 p. (In Polish)
Copsey N., Pomorska K. The Influence of Newer Member States in the European Union: The Case of Poland and the Eastern Partnership. Europe-Asia Studies, 2014, vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 421–443.
Lavenex S., Schimmelfennig F. Relations with the Wider Europe. Journal of Common Market Studies, Annual Review 46 (2008), pp. 143–162.
Gil A., Kapuśniak T. (eds.) Polityka wschodnia Polski. Uwarunkowania, koncepcje, realizacja [Poland’s Eastern policy. Conditions, concepts, and actions]. Lublin, Warsaw, Instytut Europy ŚrodkowoWschodniej, 2009. 416 p. (In Polish)
Polska polityka wschodnia [Poland’s Eastern policy], Kolegium Europy Wschodniej im. J.NowakaJeziorańskiego. Wrocław, 2013. (In Polish)
Kowal P. Między Majdanem a Smoleńskiem [Between Maidan and Smolensk]. Krakow, Wydawnictwo Literackie, 2012. 296 p. (In Polish)
Wallace W. Post-Sovereign Governance. H.Wallace, W.Wallace, M.Pollack (eds.) Policy-Making in the European Union. Oxford, Oxford University Press, 2005, pp. 483–503.
Törő C., Butler E., Grúber K. Visegrad: The Evolving Pattern of Coordination and Partnership After EU Enlargement. Europe-Asia Studies, 2014, vol. 66, no. 3, pp. 364–393.
Kałan D. The Slavkov Triangle: A Rival to the Visegrad Group? The Polish Institute of International Affairs Bulletin, no. 19 (751) (16 February 2015), pp. 1–2.
Nölke A., Vliegenthart A. Enlarging the Varieties of Capitalism The Emergence of Dependent Market Economies in East Central Europe. World Politics, vol. 61, no. 4 (October 2009), pp. 670–702.
Epstein R.A. Overcoming ‘Economic Backwardness’ in the European Union. Journal of Common Market Studies, 2014, vol. 52, is. 1, pp. 17–34.
Grosse T.G. The golden straitjacket of Poland’s membership in the EU. Yearbook of Polish European Studies, 2014, no. 17, pp. 117–138.
Orenstein M.A. Poland. From Tragedy to Triumph. Foreign Affairs, 2014, vol. 93, is. 1, pp. 23–28.
Загрузки
Опубликован
Как цитировать
Выпуск
Раздел
Лицензия
Статьи журнала «Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Международные отношения» находятся в открытом доступе и распространяются в соответствии с условиями Лицензионного Договора с Санкт-Петербургским государственным университетом, который бесплатно предоставляет авторам неограниченное распространение и самостоятельное архивирование.
