Внутриполитическая борьба в Британии по вопросам формирования внешнеполитического курса после Брекзита
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu06.2023.103Аннотация
Референдум 2016 г. не принес решающего перевеса ни сторонникам (бремейнерам), ни противникам (брекзитерам) членства Британии в Европейском союзе, что привело к острому их противостоянию и длительному политическому кризису в Соединенном Королевстве. Цель исследования — определить влияние и последствия борьбы соперничающих сил в ведущих партиях Британии — Консервативной и Лейбористской — в отношении их курса по основным вопросам внешней политики Британии после парламентских выборов 2019 г. и выхода Британии из ЕС. Борьба соперничающих сил идет сквозь линии меж- и внутрипартийного размежевания, а ее методы выходят за рамки традиций и неписаных правил, ранее принятых в политической культуре Соединенного Королевства. Жесткая борьба по внешнеполитическим вопросам тесно увязана с внутренней политикой. Победа Консервативной партии на выборах 2019 г. обеспечила принятие парламентом законов, усиливающих исполнительную власть в ущерб законодательной и судебной (выступавших на стороне бремейнеров). В статье представлен анализ методов, которые применяли брекзитеры и бремейнеры, чтобы ослабить друг друга, усложняя отношения с США и ЕС, принося двусторонние отношения с Россией в жертву своим узкопартийным интересам. Материалом для анализа послужили официальные документы правительства, парламента, партий и материалы СМИ. Противостояние продолжается, ввергая Британию в новый виток политического и экономического кризиса, что ставит под вопрос амбициозные цели «Глобальной Британии».
Ключевые слова:
Великобритания, Брекзит, ЕС, США, Россия, Консервативная партия, Лейбористская партия, выборы, референдум, Шотландия, Северная Ирландия
Скачивания
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Статьи журнала «Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Международные отношения» находятся в открытом доступе и распространяются в соответствии с условиями Лицензионного Договора с Санкт-Петербургским государственным университетом, который бесплатно предоставляет авторам неограниченное распространение и самостоятельное архивирование.
